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| Registros recuperados: 97 | |
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| Degremont, Lionel. |
| In order to study genetic variability for survival during summer mortality events in the oyster Crassostrea gigas, a first generation (G1) was bred in 2001. 17 G1 half-sib families (HSF) were obtained ; each HSF was reared in three sites along the French coast during the summer period. Significant differences in survival were observed among HSF indicating a genetic basis for survival. In 2002, several HSF were selected on their survival performances to constitute a divergent selection (G2) (outbreed and inbred). Significant differences in survival were found among these offspring of the 'high' and 'low' selected groups in several laboratory experiments and in all sites. Growth performance was not influenced by selection on survival. This confirms the... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Juvenile; Genetic; Growth; Summer mortality; Crassostrea gigas; Juvéniles; Héritabilité; Rendement; Croissance; Mortalités estivales; Crassostrea gigas. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/these-202.pdf |
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| Boudry, Pierre; Huvet, Arnaud; Fabioux, Caroline; Lapegue, Sylvie. |
| Crassostrea angulata and Crassostrea gigas, two cupped oyster taxa of Asian origin (O'Foighil et al, 1998), were successively introduced into Europe during the XVIth and the XXth century respectively (Héral and Grizel, 1991). To date, populations presumed to be C. angulata remain only in the south of Spain and Portugal, while the geographic range of C. gigas is expending, notably due to aquaculture. The two taxa can be distinguished by RFLP analysis of the mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxydase I locus (COI). This marker revealed strong genetic differentiation between Asian populations of the two taxa (Boudry et al., 1998). In contrast, nuclear markers showed a much lower genetic differentiation (Huvet et al, in press). The absence of any reproductive barrier... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Microsatellite; Genetic; Crassostrea angulata; Crassostrea gigas; Oysters. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/acte-3453.pdf |
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| Boudry, Pierre. |
| The most significant genetic improvement for the production of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) up until now has been obtained through the production of triploids, particularly since the development of tetraploids in the mid 90s. Alternatively, quantitative genetics studies suggest that significant gains could be obtained in traits of aquacultural interest. However, the limited extent of hatchery propagation (compared with natural recruitment) in some countries and/or technical difficulties and biological characteristics of this species have retarded the development of selective breeding programs for C. gigas. Individual selection can however be performed easily in such a highly fecund species, though it often leads to small effective population sizes... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Selective breeding; Genetic; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oysters. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/acte-3462.pdf |
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| Benabdelmouna, Abdellah; Nadolna, Katarzyna; Ledu, Christophe. |
| Aneuploidy (or alteration of chromosome number) has been frequently described in diploid, triploid and tetraploid C. gigas. In diploid Pacific oysters, aneuploidy affects 1 to 3 chromosomes in up to 35% of the somatic cells and is positively correlated with inferior growth of the animal and thus could be associated with significant economic loss in this major aquaculture species. In polyploid Pacific oysters, aneuploidy was shown to be more heavily frequent and is linked to reversion to lower ploidy levels and is at the origin of aberrant gametes formation. In this context, identification of individual chromosomes involved in aneuploidy events both in somatic and germinal cells would be an important step towards the study of the exact occurrence of this... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Chromosome; Aneuploidy; Genetic; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oysters. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/acte-3502.pdf |
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| Gerard, Andre; Boudry, Pierre; Bougrier, Serge; Hawkins, A. J. S.; Thiriot Quievreux, Catherine; Wilkinns, N. P.; Zouros, Eleftherios; Bonhomme, Francois. |
| The EEC project "Genephys 1996-2000", initiated by the IFREMER laboratory GAP (Génetique, Aquaculture et Pathologie, La Tremblade and CREMA (Centre de Recherche en Ecologie Marine et Aquaculture, l'Houmeau), aims to establish the relationships between physiological traits involved in growth (oxygen consumption, absorption efficiency, scope for growth) and their genetic bases (determinism, variability within and among populations) in cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas. The main objectives are: 1- To express the maximum variability of growth, both at the larval stage and at the adult stage, in an oyster population originating from parents of various origins. 2- To check the persistence over the time, of growth performance and related physiological functions. 3-... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Genetic; Determinism; Variability; Physilogy; Oxygen consumption; Absorption efficiency; Growth; Oysters; Crassostrea gigas. |
| Ano: 1996 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00050/16149/13632.pdf |
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| Gerard, Andre; Boudry, Pierre; Bougrier, Serge; Hawkins, A. J. S.; Thiriot Quievreux, Catherine; Wilkins, N. P.; Zouros, Eleftherios; Bonhomme, Francois; Buestel, Dominique; Samain, Jean-francois. |
| The UE project "GENEPHYS", initiated by the IFREMER laboratory GAP-La Tremblade (Génétique Aquaculture et Pathologie) and CREMA-L'Houmeau (Centre de Recherche en Ecologie marine et Aquaculture), aims to establish the relationships between physiological traits involved in growth (oxygen consumption, absorption efficiency, scope for growth) and their genetic bases (determinism, variability within and among populations) in cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas. The main objectives are : 1. To express the maximum variability of growth, both at the larval stage and at the adult stage, in a oyster population originating from parents of various origins. 2. To check the persistence over the time, of growth performance and related physiological functions. 3. To explain... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Genetic; Determinism; Variability; Physilogy; Oxygen consumption; Absorption efficiency; Growth; Oysters; Crassostrea gigas. |
| Ano: 1997 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00050/16150/13633.pdf |
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| Gerard, Andre; Boudry, Pierre; Bougrier, Serge; Buestel, Dominique; Samain, Jean-francois; Hawkins, A. J. S.; Wilins, N.; Zouros, Eleftherios; Bonhomme, Francois; Thiriot Quievreux, Catherine. |
| The EU project "GENEPHYS", initiated by the IFREMER laboratory GAP-La Tremblade (Génétique Aquaculture et Pathologie) and CREMA-l'Houmeau (Centre de Recherche en Ecologie Marine et Aquaculture), aims to establish the relationships between physiological traits involved in growth (oxygen consumption, absorption efficiency, scope for growth) and their genetic bases (determinism, variability within and among populations) in cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas. The main bjectives are : 1. To express the maximum variability of growth, both at the larval stage and at the adult stage, in a oyster population originating from parents of various origins. 2. To check the persistence over the time, of growth performance and related physiological functions. 3. To explain... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Genetic; Determinism; Variability; Physilogy; Oxygen consumption; Growth; Absorption efficiency; Oysters; Crassostrea gigas. |
| Ano: 1998 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00050/16151/13634.pdf |
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| Ernande, Bruno; Boudry, Pierre; Heurtebise, Serge; Haure, Joel; Martin, Jean-louis. |
| Introduction : Growth and survival are the life-history traits of the most interest for oyster production since they determine biomass output (growth x survival). This study aimed to investigate whether there is genetic basis for growth, survival and their plasticity to know if a selection program is conceivable for these traits. Material and Methods : Nested half-sibs mating design was used to produce families of oysters: 5 males were each mated to three females producing 5 half-sibs families, each containing 3 full-sib families. At 15 months of age (May 1999), each full-sibs family was randomly split into five groups which were given different treatments. Two groups were placed in a constant environment: one with low food resources and another with high... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Genotyic; Plasticity; Survival; Growth; Genetic; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oyster. |
| Ano: 2000 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2000/acte-3498.pdf |
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| Taris, Nicolas; Sauvage, Christopher; Ernande, Bruno; Boudry, Pierre. |
| Among bivalve species, the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, is the most economically important bivalve production over the world. Today, C. gigas is subject to an important production effort that leads to an intensive artificial selection. Larval stage is relatively unknown, specifically in a domestication context. Genetic consequence of artificial selection is still at a preliminary study. We aimed to tackle the consequence of inconscient domestication on the variance reproductive success focusing on larval stage, keystone of the life cycle. We studied two kinds of specific selective processes that common hatchery rearing practices exert : the effect of discarding the smallest larvae on genetic diversity and the artificial environment rearing effect via... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Selection; Genetic correlations; Genetic variability; Genetic; Domestication selective; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oysters. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/acte-3441.pdf |
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| Lapegue, Sylvie; Taris, Nicolas; Lallias, Delphine; Bonhomme, Francois; Boudry, Pierre. |
| The European flat oyster (Ostrea edulis L.) is a marine bivalve whose natural geographical distribution ranges along the European Atlantic coast from Norway to Morocco, in addition to the Mediterranean and Black Sea. The latest results obtained on the genetic differentiation between these populations have led us to persue studies at a finer scale, in order to estimate the effective number of breeders and the temporal dynamics of reproduction and, more specially, recruitment. Several experiments were performed to document (1) the variance in allele frequencies during a natural settlement period, (2) the paternal contribution to fertilization by analyzing larvae sampled at the brooding stage within individual females, (3) the variance of individual... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Recruitment; Microsatellite markers; Ostrea edulis; European flat oyster; Genetic. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/acte-3485.pdf |
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| Degremont, Lionel; Garcia, Celine; Allen, Standish K., Jr.. |
| Oyster species suffer from numerous disease outbreaks, often causing high mortality. Because the environment cannot be controlled, genetic improvement for disease resistance to pathogens is an attractive option to reduce their impact on oyster production. We review the literature on selective breeding programs for disease resistance in oyster species, and the impact of triploidy on such resistance. Significant response to selection to improve disease resistance was observed in all studies after two to four generations of selection for Haplosporidium nelsoni and Roseovarius crassostrea in Crassostrea virginica, OsHV-1 in Crassostrea gigas, and Martelia sydneyi in Saccostrea glomerata. Clearly, resistance in these cases was heritable, but most of the studies... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Disease resistance; Oyster; Selection; Pathogen; Genetic; Mortality. |
| Ano: 2015 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00269/38049/36139.pdf |
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| Boudry, Pierre. |
| To date, the most significant genetic improvement for the production of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) has been obtained through the production of triploids, especially since the development of tetraploids. Quantitative genetics studies suggest that significant gains, for disease resistance or other traits, could be obtained in diploids. However, the limited extent of hatchery-propagation (versus natural recruitment) and/or various technical difficulties and biological characteristics of the species have retarded the development of selective breeding programs. In the U.S.A., Australia and New Zealand, family-based selective breeding programs have recently been initiated to improve growth, disease tolerance and yield. In Europe, where both natural and... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Microsatellite markers; Crassostrea gigas; Selective breeding; Triploid; Pacific oyster; Genetic. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/acte-3451.pdf |
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| LIMA, P. C. F.. |
| This paper reports the strategies of the genetic improvement program carried out by EMBRAPA, for the Psosopis species. The results obtained with the introduction of species from different ecological zones in the world are presented, as well as the tecnhiques of asexual propagation to establish a clonal seed orchard. Sixteen species of Prosopis from several provenances were introduced from Peru, Argentina, Chile, Senegal, Pakistan, Mexico, Cape Verde, Paragyay, Honduras and United States of America, from 1984 to 1994. The best species established in term of survival and growth were P. juliflora, P. pallida, P. velutina, P. glandulosa, P. cineraria and P. affinis. Aspects of wood and fodder production and quality of some Prosopis species are also presented. |
| Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E) |
Palavras-chave: Programa; Propagacao; Mesquite; Genetic; Propagation; Species; Algaroba; Espécie; Genética; Prosopis. |
| Ano: 1998 |
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/132425 |
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| Boudry, Pierre; Degremont, Lionel; Taris, Nicolas; Mccombie, Helen; Haffray, Pierrick; Ernande, Bruno. |
| To date, the most significant genetic improvement for the production of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) has been obtained through the breeding of triploids, especially since the development of tetraploids. Quantitative genetics studies suggest that significant gains, for disease resistance or for other traits of aquacultural interest, could be obtained in diploids using this approach. However, the limited extent of hatchery-propagation (versus natural recruitment) and/or various technical difficulties and biological characteristics of the species have retarded the development of selective breeding programs. Recently, in the U.S.A., Australia and New Zealand, countries where hatcheries are a major source of C. gigas juveniles, family-based selective... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Microsatellite markers; Selective breeding; Genetic; Genetic variability; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oysters. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/acte-3449.pdf |
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| Boudry, Pierre; Degremont, Lionel; Bedier, Edouard; Pouvreau, Stephane; Normand, Julien; Ernande, Bruno. |
| To date, the most significant method to genetically reduce reproductive effort in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) has been through the production of triploids, especially since the development of tetraploid lines allowing the breeding of 'natural' triploids. Gametogenesis of triploid oysters is strongly reduced compared with diploids, although they are not fully sterile and can produce viable gametes and some progenies when crossed with diploids. Reduced reproductive allocation and higher heterozygocity are commonly proposed as the main reasons why triploids often present superior yield compared with diploids. Temperature and food availability are known to favour gametogenesis in triploids, but the existence of genetic variation for this trait... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Selective breeding; Reproduction; Genetic variation; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oyster; Genetic. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/acte-3445.pdf |
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| Ernande, Bruno; Haure, Joel; Degremont, Lionel; Bedier, Edouard; Boudry, Pierre. |
| Phenotypic and genetic correlations between fitness-related life-history traits - such as survival, growth and reproductive allocation - have to be considered to better understand selective processes, both in the wild and in breeding programs. Quantitative genetic experiments, based on nested half-sib mating designs, were perfomed in the Pacific oyster C. gigas (1) to estimate genetic variance and the response to selection and (2) to document phenotypic and genetic trade-offs between life history traits. Physiological trade-offs, i.e. plastcity of resource allocation, were shown to vary among genotypes. Genetic polymorphism was primarily observed for the the plasticity of reproductive effort. In addition, the degree of plasticity in reproductive effort... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Genetic polymorphism; Genetic; Plasticity; Genetical basis; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oysters. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2002/acte-3443.pdf |
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| Boudry, Pierre; Chatain, Beatrice; Naciri-graven, Yamama; Lemaire, Christophe; Gerard, Andre. |
| In France, marine fish and shellfish farming is based mainly on the breeding of wild species, whose natural populations are traditionally exploited. Research programs are conducted by IFREMER, in co-operation with INRA and Universities. French research programs for the genetical improvement of marine fish and shellfish concern primarily seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and oysters (Ostrea edulis and Crassostrea gigas). The following programs are developed: The knowledge of wild and farmed populations. The most recent prodjects involve the highly variable microsatellite markers. Seven markers are presently available for seabass and the work is now initiated on turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). In molluscs, microsatellite markers have been developed for the... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Selection; Triploid; Shellfish; Fish; Genetic. |
| Ano: 1996 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1996/acte-3206.pdf |
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| Lapegue, Sylvie. |
| The development of fish and shellfish farming is facing several challenges linked to the infancy of the industry: i.e. domestication, genetic improvement of disease resistance, genetic improvement of feed efficiency to fish meal and fish oil substitution by vegetal products, development of adapted vaccines, supply of fry or spat at high quality and high robustness, adaptation to environmental change, production of healthy, high quality consumer products and limitation of environmental impact of the activity and escapees. Over recent years, the EU and individual countries have supported the development of genomic tools for some aquaculture species (e.g. rainbow trout, sea bass, sea bream, turbot pacific oyster, Atlantic salmon). New perspectives arise... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Mussels; Oysters; Domestication; Genome mapping; Genetic. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/acte-3819.pdf |
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| Registros recuperados: 97 | |
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